Hi Ian, assuming the attribute “Early_Unloading” is a string attribute, the right way to check for yes/no/empty would be
$Lineservices/Early_Unloading = 'yes'
or
$Lineservices/Early_Unloading = 'no'
or
trim($Lineservices/Early_Unloading) = ''
Although a cleaner approach would be to make this an enumeration field with the values of Yes and No, which can be selected via a dropdown so you don’t even have to validate this field at all.